8.2: Cell respiration

key vocab

Prior Learning & retrieval practice

Essential idea: Energy is converted to a usable form in cell respiration.

Watch these videos to review the topic. 

Questions to consider:

1. In cell respiration what is the usable form that energy is converted into? 

2. What is it converted from?

3. Where did this energy originate?

U2: Phosphorylation of molecules makes them less stable.

U3: In glycolysis, glucose is converted to pyruvate in the cytoplasm.

U4: Glycolysis gives a small net gain of ATP without the use of oxygen.

Guidance:

• The names of the intermediate compounds in glycolysis and the Krebs cycle are not required.

S2: Annotation of a diagram of a mitochondrion to indicate the adaptations to its function.

Exercise 5: Complete the Quizlet "learn" for the below deck

U12: The structure of the mitochondrion is adapted to the function it performs.

Exercise 6: Copy and complete this table:

A1: Electron tomography used to produce images of active mitochondria.

Exercise 7: What is Electron tomography and how is it used to produce images of active mitochondria?

U5: In aerobic cell respiration pyruvate is decarboxylated and oxidized, and converted into acetyl compound and attached to coenzyme A to form acetyl coenzyme A in the link reaction.

U6: In the Krebs cycle, the oxidation of acetyl groups is coupled to the reduction of hydrogen carriers, liberating carbon dioxide.

Guidance:

• The names of the intermediate compounds in glycolysis and the Krebs cycle are not required.

Exercise 8: Create a flowchart of the Krebs cycle and link reaction

S1: Analysis of diagrams of the pathways of aerobic respiration to deduce where decarboxylation and oxidation reactions occur.

Exercise 9: Label your flow chart to show where decarboxylation and oxidation reactions occur.

U7: Energy released by oxidation reactions is carried to the cristae of the mitochondria by reduced NAD and FAD.

Exercise 10: Copy and complete this table

U8: Transfer of electrons between carriers in the electron transport chain in the membrane of the cristae is coupled to proton pumping.

U9: Oxygen is the final electron acceptor.

U10: In chemiosmosis protons diffuse through ATP synthase to generate ATP.

U11: Oxygen is needed to bind with the free protons to maintain the hydrogen gradient, resulting in the formation of water.

Exercise 11: Explain how the electron transport chain results in the production of ATP by using energy released by electron carriers.

NoS: Paradigm shift—the chemiosmotic theory led to a paradigm shift in the field of bioenergetics. (2.3)